LEPTOSPIROSE
The lepstospirose and endemic illness, quite common in times of rains. It is a disease caused by bacteria, the LEPTOSPIRA ssp, affecting most of the animals besides the man. It is transmitted through the urine, water and polluted victuals by the microorganism, for the penetration of the harmed skin, and for the ingestion. The dog and others encourage as for instance mouse, bovine and you encourage wild they can also catch the disease and to transmit her.
The disease is caused mainly by the urine that the mice and the mice leave, preferably close to places where find something to eat: remains of food of dogs, garbage, bones etc.. A dog that soon in the morning, in the back yard or in the garden, focinha the trace of a mouse and it whips a little of the urine of the rodent it is, in most of the cases, convict.
SYMPTOMS IN THE ANIMALS:
After 8-14 days of infection, he/she shows the jaundice, the animal it evacuates almost black water, he/she vomits strongly and he/she dies after 3 or 4 days. The first clinical signs observed in the sick animals they are anorexia, apathy, vomit and fever developing for anemia, jaundice, poliúria, polidipsia, diarrhea, the urine can come with blood and they appear erosions (ulcers) in the mouth or language.
PROPHYLAXIS IN THE ANIMALS:
To avoid the leptospirose the suitable prophylaxis it is:
1. the annual vaccination of your estimate animal;
2. drainage of stopped waters; cleaning of fallow lands;
3. placement of chlorine in the water;
4. disinfection and cleaning of the place eliminating remains of foods that can attract mice and to close hemerticamente the garbage cans caretaker;
5. closing of holes among tiles, walls and baseboards;
6. control of rodents and you encourage wild;
7. isolation of the animal bearer, treatment; and all material that entered in contact with the animal it should be desinfected or incinerated.
8. Glove use when working with the sick animal.
SYMPTOMS IN THE HUMANS:
Incubation period is of 5 -18 days. In the first week the person feels fever, migraine, indisposition and exhaustion, diffuse pains, principalmentenas calves, conjunctive congestas, sometimes diffusions hemorrágicas. The man is infected when stepping barefoot in the soil or to do use of the water and polluted victuals. The number of cases of leptospirose increases when they happen inundations, due to the fact that the sewer can shelter animals bearers of the disease and to eliminate her/it for the urine in the place, and when they extravasate they reach the people contaminating them.
PREVENTION IN THE HUMANS:
To avoid contact with inundation waters, or to use protection as boots of erasers in flooded places;
to Prohibit people of they swim or they wash clothes in suspicious waters of contamination;
to Combat rodents, to protect victuals and consumption water;
not to use water of flooded well;
Prevention in places of risk groups: workers that act in sewer cleaning, streams, and other subject areas the contamination, as irrigated farmings (rice), through the use of boots and gloves;
to Wash and to disinfect the box of water, as well as observing the perfect vedação of the same.
Diagnosis - it should be laboratorial and the material to be a correspondent it is the serum.
Treatment - antibioticoterapia.
We recommended, again, the vaccination of your dog, seek your veterinary doctor of trust for he/she settles down an outline of vaccines that guarantees seguridade to you, your relatives and your animal.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
- GEARY, Michael - Everything on dogs. Circle of the Book, São Paulo -1978.
- GYGAS, Théo - 1000 questions 1000 answers, São Paulo - 1975
- Inform Epidemic of S.U.S., National Foundation of Health, 1996, Brasília.
- Publication of the National Clerkship of Basic Actions of Health, National Division of Zoonoses, 1987, Brasília.
Collaboration de Lúcia Helena S. Of Cicco
Editora-Chefe
of the Magazine Animal Health