CANINE DEMODICOSE

Demodicose, a very common pathology in dogs, it is caused by the acarid Demodex kennels, that is found in the follicles pilosos of the dogs. The Demodex kennels feed of the secretion sebácea and of the cells epiteliais of the follicles pilosos.

A transmission of the acarid happens for direct contact soon in the first days of the postnatal period. The infection in adult animals is considered extremely rare. When that happens, it is due to an imunoincompetência or hypothyroidism of the animal. It also exists a hereditary predisposition for the disease.

O Demodex kennels is found in the skin of many dogs without it causes the disease. However, a population explosion of the acarid is responsible for the beginning of the canine demodicose.

Existem two demodicose types: the located demodicose and the widespread demodicose.

A located demodicose is the form more common of the disease. In her the acarids cause damages in the stems of the for the, doing with that they fall, resulting in round lesions of alopecia with descamação and moderate eritema. The itch is light or inexistent. The most affected places are the head and the front paws, but wounds can be detected in the trunk and in the back paws.

Na majority of the cases of located demodicose, the animal gets well alone due to his/her answer imunitária.

A widespread demodicose is the most serious form of the disease, and it happens because of a hereditary deficiency of the lymphocytes T of the host. The disease comes as a chronic dermatitis with liquenificação, descamação, formation of crusts, hiperpigmentação, severe piodermatite and alopecia. Seborrhea and polilinfadenopatia are common. They appear infections deep micóticas and atypical bacterial infections. It is not rare the occurrence of animals with pyrexia and weight loss.

Lesões prune are exceptionally severe and of difficult treatment. The pododemodicose enters in redemption only with the routine therapy and high doses of systemic antibiotic agents. The otodemodicose is a rare fact.

Para if it diagnoses the canine demodicose, it is necessary the scratching of the skin of the animal with suspicion of the disease for analysis in the microscope. Adult acarids, larvas, nymphs and eggs denounce the pathology. If it is happening piodermatite is necessary the accomplishment of bacterial cultures. For suspicion of disorders imunossupressivas and hypothyroidism the exams specific laboratoriais will be suitable.

No treatment of the widespread demodicose the animals are shorn, the seborrhea is treated with specific shampoos and the piodermatite is treated with antibiotics during a minimum period of six weeks.

Os acarids are eradicated with daily applications of amitraz (4ml of a solution stock to 12,5% in a liter of water) in half of the corporal surface every day, until they be not found during a period of two weeks.

Aproximadamente 70% of the dogs with widespread demodicose are cured for that therapy.

Coleiras dermatológicas, specific for scabies demodécica, they are already at the market and they are a great option in the treatment of the demodicose.

Na located demodicose, the treatment is recommended to avoid the progression of the disease.

O ivermectin use doesn't have proven effectiveness.